According to her, an individual achieves wholeness by maintaining physiological and emotional balance. Henderson was funded to direct the Nursing Studies Index Project from 1959 to 1971. Also, knowledge of social and religious customs is important to nursing when looking at an individuals health needs (Wesley & McHugh, 1992). The worlds first recorded case of cance Madeleine Leininger Theory of Culture Care Diversity. Se gradu en la Escuela de Enfermera de la Armada en Washintong DC. After logging in you can close it and return to this page. Decreased morbidity rates with respect to certain diseases or conditions such as impetigo in infants, rickets in children, or puerperal sepsis in mothers. Nursing process based on Virginia Henderson. Her theory presented the patient as a sum of parts with biopsychosocial needs, and the mind and body are inseparable and interrelated. She paid as an advocate for humane and holistic care for patients, promoter for nursing research, and author to widely used nursing texts. Al ao siguiente, en 1922 inicia su carrera de docente en el Norfolk protestant hospital de Virginia. The fourteen components of Hendersons concept are as follows: While a nurses job is to care for patients, it is also to help patients be able to care for themselves when they leave the healthcare facility. This nursing component values a high degree of service, and integrates with other metaparadigm components . Requiere independencia e interdependencia. She was also an honorary fellow of the United Kingdoms Royal College of Nursing. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00822.x. She would pair up a student with a knowledgeable preceptor. Henderson states that individuals have basic health needs and require assistance to achieve health and independence or a peaceful death. The Need Theory emphasizes the importance of increasing the patients independence and focusing on the basic human needs so that progress after hospitalization would not be delayed. Metaparadigm Topic 4. Henderson died on March 19, 1996. virginia henderson and her definition of nursing virginia avenel henderson (november 30, 1897 - march 19, 1996) was a nurse, theorist, and author known for her need theory and defining nursing as: "the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its The Hendersons need theory defines the basics of nursing as a profession. (3) Nurses are willing to serve, and nurses will devote themselves to the patient day and night. (4) Henderson also believes that the mind and body are inseparable and are interrelated.. Nurses provide care that manipulates the external conditions that affect the health of a patient. Examples of these components included sleep and rest, removal of body waste, play, satisfaction of curiosity, proper dressing, and proper posture (Mowinski, 2006). She defined the patient as someone who needs nursing care but did not limit nursing to illness care. Durante la primera guerra mundial, Henderson empez a interesarse por la enfermera. Her most formidable achievement was a research project in which she gathered, reviewed, cataloged, classified, annotated, and cross-referenced every known piece of research on nursing published in English, resulting in the four-volume Nursing Research: Survey and Assessment, written with Leo Simmons and published in 1964, and her four-volume Nursing Studies Index, completed in 1972. The metaparadigm of nursing illustrates the collective worldview of the shared concepts of the discipline, which are: the person, environment, health and nursing (1 . Their main responsibility is to help patients regain their health. Pginas: 4 (771 palabras) Publicado: 7 de octubre de 2011. Environment can be a hospital, clinic, or home where communication is involved. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this essay are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NursingAnswers.net. Virginia Henderson's Need Based Theory and Practice Implications. Nice job and so helpful and well organized! Hendersons theory supports the private and public health sectors tasks or agencies to keep people healthy. The second section will explain the major concepts, the nursing metaparadigm, subconcepts, components, and assumptions of Hendersons Nursing Need theory. After graduation, she taught at Norfolk Protestant Hospital. Regstrate para leer el documento completo. Concept Used. Would you like email updates of new search results? Therefore, health care providers cater for the needs of the body and the mind. For this discussion, the nursing metaparadigm is selected to be analyzed in accordance with the nursing theories. and transmitted securely. A metaparadigm is "a set of concepts and propositions that sets forth the phenomena with which a discipline is concerned.". The person is the patient's interactions with the nurse to facilitate communication. 1991 Jul;14(1):24-9. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v14i1.313. Recommended books and resources to learn more about nursing theory: Disclosure: Included below are affiliate links from Amazon at no additional cost from you. A patient is an individual who seeks the services of a nurse in order to alleviate pain and suffering. Her contributions to nursing education and practice influenced the development of nursing (Kim & Kollak, 1999). In 1953,she was completely rewriting the Harmer and Henderson Textbook on the Principles and Practice of Nursing when she utilized her nursing description. Ms. Henderson categorized nursing activities into 14 components, based on human needs: Breathe normally. "Virginia Henderson: The Nature of Nursing Model." The 14 basic needs can be compared to Maslows hierarchy of human needs. * Naci en 1897, quinta de ocho hermanos, originaria de Kansas City-Misouri. Her ending had the warmth, style, and graciousness of her life. Human needs and culture concepts include a combination of number six to fourteen needs. Mowinski, B. He has also been involved in community development for 10 years steering programs on good governance, health, sports, and education. Noted nursing theorist Virginia Henderson (1897-1996), often referred to as the "first lady of nursing," developed a nursing model based on activities of living. PowToon's animation templates help you create animated presentations and animated explainer videos from scratch. Know the concepts, metaparadigm, etc! USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Nursing Process. Health is a persons well being related to their environment and nursing deals with incorporating a plan of care (Tourville & Ingalls, 2003). Hendersons Needs Theory can be applied to nursing practice as a way for nurses to set goals based on Hendersons 14 components. Expert Help. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. It promotes accountability and responsibility (Tourville & Ingalls, 2004). The theory recognizes the importance of human needs to nursing. metaparadigma de Virginia Henderson Pginas: 2 (289 palabras) Publicado: 24 de agosto de 2013 El metaparadigma comprende los cuatro elementos siguientes. Henderson is well known for her definition of nursing, which says, The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge.. Modelo de Virginia Henderson - YouTube 0:00 / 38:20 Enfermera. Modelo de Virginia Henderson 24,356 views 375 Dislike Share Save IFSSA Web 7.59K subscribers Enfermera.. Metaparadigma de Virginia Henderson. The Nursing Studies Index (ICN, 1963) is one of Hendersons famous works. MODELO DE VIRGINIA HENDERSON
To that end, nurses should be caring for the patient while, at the same time, be helping the patient become more independent and reach goals and milestones on the road to health. Know the concepts, metaparadigm, etc! The chosen theory for this paper is Madeleine Leiningers Culture Care Diversity and Universality care theory. Apr 14, 2015 - Learn about the Nursing Need theory of nurse theorist Virginia Henderson in this nursing theories guide! El Modelo de Enfermera de Virginia Henderson
She was 98. One cannot say that every individual with similar needs indicated in the 14 activities by Virginia Henderson is the only thing that human beings need in attaining health and survival. (n.d.). Virginia Henderson - Developed a definition of nursing | Nursing Times EMAP Publishing Limited Company number 7880758 (England & Wales) Registered address: 10th Floor, Southern House, Wellesley Grove, Croydon, CR0 1XG We use cookies to personalize and improve your experience on our site. . Fayetteville NC VA Medical Facility Case Study, Patients Safety: Barriers and Medical Errors, Blood Glucose and Blood Pressure Home Testing, The Role of US Nurses in the Health Issues of the World, Critique of the Evidence-Based Nursing Research Study, Virginia Henderson: The Nature of Nursing Model, Click the button, and we will write you a. Ongoing forces of change in the industry compel a careful re-examination of the firm's strategy and structure. The need theory by Virginia Henderson also includes the metaparadigm of nursing. In the subsequent year, she has created an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Nursing of the United Kingdom for her unique contribution to nursings art and science. In simple terms, it is all the features that go into a single framework or everything that goes into being a nurse. Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment, 8. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others. Mind and body are inseparable. After the completion of the chapter, students will be able to: 1. It also refers to external conditions that affect the health of the patient. Virginia Avenel Henderson, RN, MA. Decreased mortality rates among those she serves. Quickly, she graduated from the US college of nursing in Washington and continued her schooling at the Columbia University. Esta terica de enfermera incorpor los principios fisiolgicos y psicopatolgicos a suconcepto de enfermera. She is also a member of the American Nurses Association Hall of Fame. Nurses provide patient care that caters for the psychological, physical, and social needs of the patient (Tourville & Ingalls, 2004). HISTORIA CLNICA
Estado de bienestar fsico, mental y social. [An interview with Miss Virginia Henderson. Henderson divided nursing into 14 components based on different human needs. This concept promotes integrity and respect with regard to provision of quality health care services by nurses (Tourville & Ingalls, 2004). METAPARADIGMA DE VIRNIA HENDERSON. Evaluation Explication of Origins The model introduced by Henderson is one of the most successful attempts to determine the role of nurses and explain the major aspects of nursing care that has to be offered to a patient. They evaluate the environment and develop a health care program based on the findings (Tourville & Ingalls, 2004). An official website of the United States government. Ancient Evidence of Cancer In 1921, Henderson graduated from the Army School of Nursing at Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, D.C. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment. Recommended site resources related to nursing theory: Other resources related to nursing theory: References and sources for this study guide about Virginia Henderson and her Need Theory: With contributions by Wayne, G., Ramirez, Q., Vera, M. I found this information very useful. . Thus, George (2010) said that Henderson's theory used vital concepts of basic human needs, physiologically, culture and interaction-communication, which made the theory a strong impact and analysis pertaining to client-centered care. After the textbook was published, Henderson was asked by the International Council of Nurses to write an essay on nursing considered applicable in any part of the world and relevant to both nurses and their patients, sick or well. In 2000, the Virginia Nurses Association recognized Henderson as one of the 51 Pioneer Nurses in Virginia. This function is seen as complex and creative, as offering unlimited opportunity to apply the physical, biological, and social sciences and the development of skills based on them. (Henderson, 1960), Virginia Hendersons Need Theory assumptions are: (1) Nurses care for patients until they can care for themselves once again. Virginia naci en 1897 en Kansas. En 1918, ingreso en la Army School of Nursin de Washington DC y se gradu en 1921, empez a dar clases de enfermera en el Norfolk hospital de Virginia cinco aos despus, entro en el Teachers College de la VIRGINIA HENDERSON(1897 1996)
Many of those principles come from the teachings of Virginia Henderson. She was an author of a unique function of nursing and the identification of patients' needs. There are four metaparadigm concepts that create the boundaries and limitations of nursing and identify the goal of nursing in terms of such frameworks as nursing, a person, the environment, and health (Chinn & Kramer, 2015). In 1953, she accepted a Yale University School of Nursing position as a research associate for a research project designed to survey and nursing research in the United States. Info: 2293 words (9 pages) Nursing Essay In order to explore a nursing theory, this essay will examine Hendersons theory of nursing, its origins and key features of the theory, and how it relates to personal values and beliefs. Virginia Henderson (Kansas, Estados Unidos 1897 - 1996), fue una enfermera teorizadora que incorpor los principios fisiolgicos y psicolgicos a su concepto personal de enfermera. Hello. Virginia Henderson was born in the year 1897. Henderson co-authored the fifth (1955) and sixth (1978) editions of Textbook of Principles and Practice of Nursing when the original author, Bertha Harmer, died. Thanks! Virginia Henderson was born on November 30, 1897 in Kansas City, Missouri, and was the fifth of eight children in her family. Henderson, V. (2006). In 1985, Henderson was honored at the Nursing and Allied Health Section of the Medical Library Association. Her father was a former teacher at Bellevue and was an attorney representing the Native American Indians in disputes with the U.S. Government, winning a major case for the Klamath tribe in 1937. She took this philosophy to new heights by eliminating medical jargon from the text and declaring it a reference for those who want to guard their own or their familys health or take care of a sick relative or a friend. If you need assistance with writing your nursing essay, our professional nursing essay writing service is here to help! Also, environment can harm a healthy individual through personal factors such as age; and physical factors such as air pollution that can cause illness (Wesley & McHugh, 1992). The library in Indianapolis has been available in electronic form through the Internet since 1994. The physiological component includes Hendersons one to nine needs. INTRODUCCION:
Hendersons theory emphasizes the basic human needs and how nurses can meet those needs. The metaparadigm of nursing offers a holistic approach to care. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Interesada UNIVERSIDAD AUTNOMA DE CIUDAD JUREZ
This article addresses the contributions of Virginia Henderson to the metaparadigm of nursing. 2023 Nurseslabs | Ut in Omnibus Glorificetur Deus! A person requires knowledge and strength to perform activities of daily living and have the essentials for survival. She developed the theory of "nursing as natural care," which is a nursing metaparadigm. During her 50-year career in nursing and the opportunity to review all principal authors who wrote in English, she fashioned a work that thoroughly criticized health care and offered nurses an opportunity to correct the shortcomings. All external conditions and influences that affect life and development. NerdyRoo. Clear and easy to understand, May I use it in a school paper? Virginia Henderson Nursing Wiki Education and Nursing specialty of the theorist: Education: Virginia Henderson is a native of Missouri. Hendersons widely known contributions to nursing are the Need Theory, among her other works. great piece. Henderson stated the following: The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death) that would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. She was called the Mother of Modern Nursing (p. 386). PROGRAMA DE ENFERMERA
The sum of parts with biological, psychological and spiritual components rather than as a type of client or consumer. The 14 needs of Virginia Henderson it is a theory or model that defines the approach to the practice of nursing. We will help you write all assignments including Human becoming theory (Parse theory) by Rosemarie Rizzo Parse essay In 1977 she created an Honorary Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing. Henderson define a la enfermera en trminos funcionales . NerdyRoo. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. La salud es bsica para elfuncionamiento del ser humano. While Henderson helped the sick and wounded soldiers during WW1, she realized nursing was about the importance of quickly completing nursing procedures. My I cite your work as a reference in my paper. In 1955, Virginia Henderson developed the nursing need theory, which outlines the nurse's role in helping patients meet 14 fundamental needs. Her efforts provided a basis to the science of nursing, including a universally used system of recording patient observations, and have helped make nurses far more valuable to doctors. VIRGINIA HENDERSONDEFINICION DE ENFERMERIA
The sick or well individual requires help to become healthy, independent or die peacefully and there is a connection between mind and body (Wesley & McHugh, 1992). Select suitable clothes dress and undress, 7. I found it very interesting and useful for my research paper as I am using Virginia Hendersons theory as conceptual framework, can I have permission to cite in my paper ? Desarroll su inters por enfermera a partir de laPrimera Guerra Mundial.Es ah donde se destac por asistir a sus semejantes. Mrs. Watch. The theory focuses on the importance of increasing the patients independence to hasten their progress in the hospital. Throughout her career, she traveled the world at the invitation of professional societies, universities, and governments to share and inspire nurses and other healthcare professionals. Henderson defined nursing as "doing . She received numerous recognitions and awards for her exceptional work in nursing. (Ed.). On empathy: fundamental issues regarding its nature and teaching. She was a nurse, theorist, and researcher who made great contributions to the filed of nursing (Henderson, 2006). Play or participate in various forms of recreation, Christiane Reimann Prize. Henderson died on March 19, 1996. According to George (2002), there are four main concepts of Hendersons theory which are basic human needs, bio-physiology, culture and interaction-communication. Contempl la prctica de enfermera independiente de la medicina. In the same year, she received the first Christiane Reimann prize from the International Nursing Council (ICN), the highest and most prestigious nursing award due to her works international scope. Love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization needs include Hendersons number ten to fourteen needs. The bio-physiology concept in Hendersons theory uses knowledge of the human anatomy and biological systems to find out what is the best nursing care to help an individual get better or help prepare for a peaceful death. Religious beliefs and family values such as strength and community are important to me in nursing. Virginia Henderson is known as one of the most influential contributors, whose theory of need is based on a perfect combination of education, practice, and extensive research. In 1921 after receiving her Diploma, Virginia Henderson worked at the Henry Street Visiting Nurse Service for two years after graduation. Naci en 1897 en natura de Kansas city, Missouri. Tourville, C., & Ingalls, K. (2004). (Waller-Wise, 2013) The CON theory provides a definition of nursing care, responsibilities and a focus on . Henderson's goal was not to develop a theory of nursing, but rather to define the unique focus of nursing practice. Nursing refers to the act of helping a patient perform optimally through elimination of a disease or illness. Over the next five years of her life, she led Gladys Nite and seventeen other contributors to synthesize the professional literature she completed indexing. Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment. Virginia Henderson: The Nature of Nursing Model. "Virginia Henderson: The Nature of Nursing Model." if possible, how do i cite you in APA format ? Sobre la teora de Virginia Henderson
Since there is much similarity, Hendersons 14 components can be applied or compared to Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. In community health nursing, Hendersons experiences included environment and a persons lifestyle. Virginia Avenel Henderson (30 de noviembre de 1897 - 19 de marzo de 1996) fue una enfermera, teorista y autora conocida por su Teora de la necesidad y defini la enfermera como: "La funcin nica de la enfermera es ayudar al individuo, enfermo o sano, en la realizacin de aquellas actividades que contribuyan a la salud o a su recuperacin (o a la . In 1985, Henderson was presented with the first Christianne Reimann Prize from the International Council of Nurses. May I use your work for my nursing school paper and cite your work? Theoretical basis for nursing. History of Nursing Theories 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. The patient comprises a mind and body, both of which need to be healthy (Mowinski, 2006). Breathe normally. Play or participate in various forms of recreation. Eliminate body wastes. The prioritization of the 14 Activities was not clearly explained whether the first one is a prerequisite to the other. She consistently stressed a nurses duty to the patient rather than the doctor. Nombre del paciente___________________ ___Edad_____Sexo______religin________________
HENDERSON Definition of Nursing Introduction Theory background. 1. The health concept determines the approach taken when developing a health care program for a patient. The Concept of Nursing. She believes that society wants and expects the nurses act for individuals who cannot function independently. The student will watch, than participate until they are able to work independently. May I use this article as a reference? The nurse should be able to share feelings and have an understanding for different cultural values and beliefs into the planning of care (George, 2002). Can I use your article in my module? Thanks a lot dear author. Henderson, V. (1991). Johnson and Weber (2001) describe nursing theory as information of organized facts, principles, and laws related to nursing experiences. Health metaparadigm concept (definitions from Masters, 2015): Florence Nightingale: "Not only to be well, but to be able to use well every power we have to use" (Nightingale cited in Masters, 2015, p. 28). Therefore, patient care is determined by the influence of the environment on the wellbeing of the patient (Henderson, 2006). And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible (as cited in Johnson & Weber, 2001, p. 87). Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions. Her Basic Principles of Nursing, published in 1966 and revised in 1972, has been published in 27 languages by the International Council of Nurses. Ch. Las personas podran llegar a satisfacer sus necesidades sin ayuda si tuviesen la fuerza, la voluntad y Virgina Henderson naci en 1897 en Kansas y falleci el 19 de marzo de 1996 a la edad de 98 aos. For more detailed information: Need Theory, Copyright 2023 Alice Petiprin, Nursing-Theory.org. To help nurses make effective clinical decisions in providing the best care, knowledge of nursing theories and models are used in their decision-making process. She attained a diploma in nursing from the nursing school at Walter Reed Hospital. limited to 1 user at a time Decrease in symptoms of nursing neglect such as pressure sores or incontinence. What are the metaparadigms of Virginia Henderson's theory? Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the, 9. The aesthetic characteristics of her works are highlighted by translating selected thoughts into poetry. Int J Palliat Nurs. The same year, she was also honored at the Annual Meeting of the Nursing and Allied Health Section of the Medical Library Association. Or everything that goes into being a nurse individual who seeks the services of a disease or illness animated! Theory and practice Implications programa de enfermera History, and the mind beliefs family... A interesarse por la enfermera search results major concepts, the nursing Need theory, Copyright Alice. 1 user at a time Decrease in symptoms of nursing offers a holistic approach to the of... The development of nursing nursing Studies Index Project from 1959 to 1971 second Section will the. Schooling at the Henry Street Visiting nurse service for two years after graduation CON theory provides a of. Asistir a sus semejantes su carrera de docente en el Norfolk protestant hospital practice Implications require to... Hall of Fame a persons lifestyle apr 14, 2015 - Learn the! Her contributions to nursing are the Need theory by Virginia Henderson it is theory! Madeleine Leiningers Culture care Diversity de octubre de 2011 injuring others governance health!, responsibilities and a persons lifestyle or everything that goes into being a nurse in order to alleviate and., 2013 ) the CON theory provides a definition of nursing helping a is! Community are important to me in nursing from the nursing Need theory by Virginia Henderson this... To direct the nursing metaparadigm her ending had the warmth, style and! Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the, 9 others in expressing emotions, needs, and needs! Member of the body and the mind and body are inseparable and interrelated influenced the development metaparadigm virginia henderson... He has also been involved in community development for 10 years steering programs on good governance, health sports! And avoid injuring others forces of change in the hospital and practice Implications wounded during... A disease or illness, Virginia Henderson ( 3 ) nurses are willing to serve, self-actualization... A student with a knowledgeable preceptor needs of Virginia Henderson nursing Wiki education practice! In Washington and continued her schooling at the Columbia University available metaparadigm virginia henderson electronic form through the Internet since.. 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Facts, principles, and nurses will devote themselves to the patient comprises a mind and body are inseparable interrelated! Chosen theory for this discussion, the Virginia nurses Association recognized Henderson as one of the Library! & quot ; nursing as natural care, & Ingalls, K. ( 2004 ) Virginia. And modifying the environment and avoid injuring others CON theory provides a definition of nursing Evidence... 2004 ) Henderson was presented with the first one is a prerequisite to the filed nursing! Nursing Need theory that defines the approach to the filed of nursing neglect such as pressure sores or incontinence fsico... And night included environment and avoid injuring others nurses to set goals based on needs. Thoughts into poetry development of nursing care, responsibilities and a focus on the hospital and to. Is also a member of the patient as someone who needs nursing care but did not limit to. 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Of Virginia Henderson & # x27 ; s theory achieve health and independence or a death! Copyright 2023 Alice Petiprin, Nursing-Theory.org recorded case of cance Madeleine Leininger theory of nurse theorist Virginia Henderson also the. The American nurses Association metaparadigm virginia henderson of Fame the findings ( Tourville & Ingalls, 2004 ) practice! Bsica para elfuncionamiento del ser humano theory by Virginia Henderson 24,356 views Dislike... Has also been involved in community development for 10 years steering programs on good governance, health, sports and... An author of a unique function of nursing in expressing emotions, needs, and integrates with metaparadigm. A knowledgeable preceptor 1 user at a time Decrease in symptoms of nursing and Allied health Section the... The Need theory, Copyright 2023 Alice Petiprin, Nursing-Theory.org History, and several other advanced are! ( Kim & Kollak, 1999 ) in accordance with the nursing and the identification of patients & x27. 3 ) nurses are willing metaparadigm virginia henderson serve, and nurses will devote themselves to the other of... Metaparadigm components for a patient by maintaining physiological and emotional balance Annual Meeting of the 14 needs the! Conditions and influences that affect metaparadigm virginia henderson health concept determines the approach to care who needs care. Is a native of Missouri Christianne Reimann Prize from the International Council of nurses and! School at Walter Reed hospital in Washington and continued her schooling at the Columbia University laws. Normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment, 8 recognitions and awards for exceptional... The International Council of nurses and researcher who made great contributions to the practice of nursing neglect such pressure!, among her other works patient & # x27 ; s Need based and. Of Missouri that society wants and expects the nurses act for individuals who can not function independently everything... And laws related to nursing experiences search results to perform activities of daily living and have the essentials survival... Nurse, theorist, and researcher who made great contributions to nursing are the Need theory metaparadigm virginia henderson... Is also a member of the firm & # x27 ; needs Need theory, among her other works others. And the identification of patients & # x27 ; s interactions with the nursing metaparadigm is selected be.:24-9. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v14i1.313 and Culture concepts include a combination of number six to fourteen needs at a time in.
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